В начале 21 века Ростов-на-Дону – это порт пяти морей, крупный промышленный, научный и культурный центр юга страны, важный узел транспортных магистралей. Сегодня Ростов – город-миллионник, столица Юга России. Таким мы видим наш город сегодня. Но таким он был не всегда.
В начале прошлого, 20 века, Ростов насчитывал всего лишь 120 тысяч жителей. Из них дворян и чиновников – 4189 человек, духовенства – 267, мещан – 53956, крестьян – 51892, казаков – 2919, иностранцев – 2258. Третье, купеческое сословие, составляло 1693 человека. Но именно купцы создавали и формировали в городе социальную, экономическую, культурную структуру. Положение купцов в экономике города было ведущим. Им принадлежали 92 промышленных предприятия, около 3000 ремесленных заведений, на которых работало примерно 15 тысяч рабочих.
В начале прошлого века Ростов потреблял 3100 квт электроэнергии (первая электростанция была на улице Николаевской), имел 66 верст водопровода, несколько трамвайных веток, 1800 абонентов телефона, 22 процента домовладений пользовались канализацией. В городе действовало 20 больниц и приемных покоев, которые ежегодно обслуживали 20 тысяч больных.
Именно благодаря купцам в городе развивалось искусство и просвещение. Так, в 1897 году грамотных людей было 74132 человека, примерно 70% населения (общая цифра грамотности по России в то время составляла менее 15%). В городе были открыты и успешно существовали учебные заведения: коммерческие, мореходные, художественные. В их развитие купцы вкладывали большие деньги. А в 1915 году в Ростов был эвакуирован Варшавский университет. За право его размещения боролись 5 городов, но победил наш город.
С 1863 по 1887 годы в Ростове издавались 36 газет и журналов. В 1909 году открылся городской музей. С середины 18 века в городе существовал театр, в котором выступала труппа Н.Н.Синельникова. В городе работали библиотеки, в том числе – народные, бесплатные.
Памятник «Горожанин» ( купец И.А.Супрунов)
Купцы выделяли деньги на благоустройство города. Вся архитектура в старой части города была создана на деньги купцов. Купец Яшин подарил городу свой парк (Городской сад). Платон Михайлович Троянкин, живший в своем доме на Таганрогском проспекте (сейчас это пр.Буденовский) около гостиницы «Астория» (в наши дни она называется «Ростов»), все свое состояние завещал городу. Ростовские купцы всегда помогали тем, кто в них нуждался, жертвовали пострадавшим от засух, землетрясений, помогали семьям погибших на войнах, как в Ростове, так и по всей России.
Размаху благотворительности купцов поражались и соотечественники, и иностранцы. И дело здесь вовсе не в том, что у купцов было много денег. Жертвование было частью купеческой морали. Благотворительность была для них естественной и привычной. По ее размерам судили и о масштабе личности благотворителя.
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